Beschreibung
InhaltsangabeA: Molecular and Physiological Control and Limitations.- 1 Dynamics in Photosystem II Structure and Function.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Function of Photosystem II.- 1.3 Structure of Photosystem II.- 1.4 Dynamics in the D1 Protein in Rapid Turnover and Stress-Enhanced Photoinhibition.- 1.5 Photoinhibition and Environmental Stress.- 1.6 Regulation of Photosystem II by Phosphorylation.- 1.7 Conclusions.- References.- 2 Regulation of Photosynthetic Light Energy Capture, Conversion, and Dissipation in Leaves of Higher Plants.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 The Concept of Excess Photon Flux Density.- 2.3 Regulation of Light Interception.- 2.3.1 Changes in Leaf Orientation.- 2.3.2 Changes in Leaf Reflectance.- 2.3.3 Chloroplast Movements.- 2.3.4 Changes in Chlorophyll Content and Photosynthetic Capacity.- 2.4 Regulation of Energy Dissipation.- 2.4.1 Dissipation in Metabolic Processes.- 2.4.2 Efficiency of Photochemical Energy Conversion and Extent of Nonradiative Energy Dissipation.- 2.4.3 Nonradiative Energy Dissipation and the Xanthophyll Cycle.- 2.4.4 Mechanism of Nonradiative Dissipation.- 2.5 Conclusions.- References.- 3 Chlorophyll Fluorescence as a Nonintrusive Indicator for Rapid Assessment of In Vivo Photosynthesis.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Indicator Function of Chlorophyll Fluorescence.- 3.3 Rapid Fluorescence Induction Kinetics.- 3.4 Slow Fluorescence Induction Kinetics and Fluorescence Quenching Under Steady-State Conditions.- 3.5 The Saturation Pulse Method.- 3.6 Quantum Yield and Rate Determination by Fluorescence Measurements.- 3.7 Fluorescence as an Indicator of Nonassimilatory Electron Flow.- 3.8 In Situ Measurements of ?F/Fm? and of Relative Electron Transport Rate.- 3.9 Yield Limitation and Excessive Photon Flux Density.- 3.10 Conclusions.- References.- 4 Higher Plant Respiration and Its Relationships to Photosynthesis.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Pathways and Controls of Respiration.- 4.2.1 Unique Properties of Plant Respiration and Mitochondrial Metabolism.- 4.2.2 Control of Respiration Rate.- 4.2.3 Energy Conservation During Plant Respiration.- 4.2.4 Respiration Rate and Carbohydrate Level.- 4.3 Respiration in Photosynthesizing Leaves.- 4.4 Photorespiration and Mitochondrial Metabolism.- 4.4.1 Oxidation of Photorespiratory NADH by the Respiratory Chain.- 4.4.2 Oxidation of Photorespiratory NADH via Substrate Shuttles.- 4.5 Daytime Photosynthesis and Nighttime Respiration.- 4.5.1 Light Level.- 4.5.2 CO2 Concentration.- 4.6 Photosynthesis and Root Respiration.- 4.7 Conclusions.- References.- 5 Apoplastic and Symplastic Proton Concentrations and Their Significance for Metabolism.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Definitions.- 5.2.1 The pH Concept.- 5.2.2 The Buffer Concept.- 5.2.3 Techniques to Determine Intra- and Intercellular pH.- 5.3 Cellular pH.- 5.3.1 The Apoplastic pH.- 5.3.2 The Symplastic pH.- 5.4 Conclusions.- References.- 6 The Significance of Assimilatory Starch for Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana Wild-Type and Starchless Mutants.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 The Metabolic Pathway of Assimilatory Starch Formation and the Use of Mutants to Circumvent Chloroplast Starch Formation.- 6.3 The Diurnal Starch Turnover.- 6.4 Significance of Leaf Starch for Growth.- 6.4.1 Effects of Leaf Starch on Biomass Formation.- 6.4.2 Effects of Leaf Starch on Regulation of Shoot/Root Ratios.- 6.5 The Carbon Balance.- 6.6 Conclusions.- References.- 7 Photosynthesis, Storage, and Allocation.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 The Impact of Photosynthesis on Growth, Storage, and Biomass Allocation in Transgenic Tobacco.- 7.2.1 Photosynthesis and Growth.- 7.2.2 Photosynthesis and Biomass Allocation.- 7.2.3 Carbon and Nitrogen Storage in Relation to Photosynthesis.- 7.2.4 The Tobacco System: Conclusions.- 7.3 Allocation in Relation to Shoot and Root Activity.- 7.3.1 Resource, Growth, and Allocation.- 7.3.2 Photosynthesis, Specific Absorption Rate, and Allocation.- 7.3.3 The Radish System: Conclusions.- 7.4 Storage as Related to Resource Availability.- 7.5 Conclusions
